How does aileron affect the roll of an aircraft?

Ailerons play a critical role in controlling the roll of an aircraft by changing the lift generated on each wing. When a pilot wants to initiate a roll, the ailerons are deflected in opposite directions; one aileron is raised while the other is lowered.

This movement alters the airflow over each wing, resulting in a difference in lift. The wing with the lowered aileron encounters increased lift due to the greater angle of attack, while the wing with the raised aileron experiences decreased lift. This difference in lift causes the aircraft to roll towards the wing with the raised aileron.

Therefore, ailerons are essential for managing the aircraft's roll direction, enabling pilots to perform maneuvers and maintain the desired attitude during flight. Understanding this principle is vital for effective aircraft control and navigation.