How does temperature influence air density?

Higher temperatures decrease air density due to the physical properties of gases. When air is heated, the molecules within it gain kinetic energy and begin to move more rapidly. This increased movement causes the air molecules to spread out and occupy a larger volume, resulting in lower density.

Understanding this relationship is important in aviation, as air density directly impacts aircraft performance. For example, less dense air results in decreased lift, which can affect takeoff and landing distances, as well as overall engine performance. Consequently, pilots must consider temperature variations when assessing flight conditions.

The other options do not encapsulate the correct relationship between temperature and air density, which highlights the unique way in which temperature influences the physical characteristics of air.