What is a wingtip vortex?

A wingtip vortex is a spiral pattern of rotating air that forms at the tips of an aircraft's wings as it generates lift during flight. This phenomenon occurs due to the difference in pressure between the upper and lower surfaces of the wing, causing the higher-pressure air beneath the wing to flow around the tip to the lower-pressure area above the wing. When this air flows around the wingtip, it creates a spiral motion, producing vortices that can extend downwind from the aircraft.

Understanding wingtip vortices is crucial for pilots, particularly when considering takeoff and landing procedures, as they can result in wake turbulence, which might affect following aircraft. Knowledge of these vortices helps pilots maintain safe distances and manage their flight paths effectively. This concept is essential in appreciating how aircraft interact with the atmosphere during flight operations.