What is the 'angle of attack (AoA)' in aviation?

The angle of attack (AoA) in aviation is defined as the angle between the wing's chord line and the oncoming airflow. This measurement is crucial for understanding how lift is generated by an aircraft's wings. As the angle of attack increases, the airflow over the wing changes, which can enhance lift up to a critical point. If the angle of attack exceeds this critical point, airflow can separate from the wing, potentially leading to a stall.

Understanding AoA is essential for pilots because it directly influences the aircraft's performance during various flight phases, such as takeoff and landing. Maintaining the appropriate angle of attack allows for optimal lift while ensuring safety margins are respected to avoid stalling.